Chase targets N.E. college students

Temporary headquarters of JPMorgan Chase, at 383 Madison Ave. in Manhattan

From The New England Council (newenglandcouncil.com)

“JPMorgan Chase & Co. plans to open dozens of retail branch locations around New England starting this year and into 2020. Chase (as it’s generally called) is the nation’s largest bank.

“Chase is optimistic about its growth plan for New England and is particularly interested in accessing the large student population in the region. At the end of September, the bank opened its first new retail location on Brown University’s campus, in Providence. In addition to 60 retail branches, Chase will also install over 130 ATM’s in the region. Chase, which currently employs more than 1,500 people in New England, plans to hire over 350 people through this regional expansion. The next New England branch to open will be in Dedham, Mass., in mid-December.’’

David Warsh: The Nobel Prize in Economics and the 'Methods Revolution'

Scurvy-prevention pioneer James Lind

The cure for scurvy became known to Portuguese explorer Vasco Da Gama when, in 1498, he stopped in Mombassa, along the east coast of Africa, on his way to India – the first such maritime voyage by a European in history. The African king fed the ship’s sailors oranges and lemons, and the disease, which often can be fatal to sailors on ships that remain at sea longer than 10 weeks, cleared up. The remedy became a naval secret, then a rumor, and, eventually, folk wisdom. Only in 1747, when British Navy surgeon James Lind performed his famous experiment, did it become reliable knowledge.

Lind divided 12 men suffering from similar symptoms aboard his ship into six pairs. He treated one man in each pair with one of six competing nostrums, and gave the other man nothing.  Those who received citrus juice recovered while the others did not.  It took another 40 years (and the onset of a desperate war with France) for the British Admiralty to require a ration of lemon juice be provided regularly to sailors throughout the fleet. Not until the 1930s did biochemist Albert Szent-Györgyi pin down that it is ascorbic acid, AKA vitamin C, that does the trick.

Since then, the practice of inferring causation by comparing a “treatment group” receiving a certain intervention with a “control group” receiving nothing of the sort has been considerably refined. Agronomists began using the technique in the early 20th Century to improve plant yields through hybridization. Statisticians soon tackled the problem of experiment design.  The first randomized controlled trials in medicine were reported in 1948 – the effectiveness of streptomycin in treating tuberculosis.

Beginning in the 1980s, economists began adopting the technique of randomized control trials to use across a broad swathe of microeconomics, distinguishing between “natural experiments,” in which nature or history formulates the treatment and control groups, and “field experiments,” in which investigators arrange interventions themselves and then follow their effects on participants making decisions in everyday life.

Early experiments with negative income taxes by others were assessed by Jerry Hausman and David Wise in 1985,; the RAND Health Insurance Experiment, analyzed by Joseph Newhouse, in 1993; a series a welfare- reform experiments conducted by economic consulting firms for  the Ford Foundation  in the the ’80s and ’90s, surveyed by Charles Manski and Irwin Garfinkel in 1992; and experiments in early-childhood education, especially the Perry Preschool Project, begun in 1963, and introduced to economists by Lawrence Schweinhart, Helen Barnes, and Weikart, in 1993.  An especially striking exemplar of the new approach came from  Angrist in 1990 who used the draft lottery to study  the effect of Vietnam-era conscription on lifetime earning.

Behind the scenes, of course, enabling the revolution, was the advent of essentially unlimited computing power and the software to put it to use, searching out all kinds of new data and analyzing it.  Major developments along the way were described by Hausman and Wise (Social Experimentation, 1985); James Heckman and Jeffrey Smith, “Assessing the Case for Social Experiments,” 1995; Glenn Harrison and John List (“Field Experiments,” 2004); Angrist and Jörn-Steffen Pischke (“The Credibility Revolution in Empirical Economics,” 2010); David Card, Steffano DellaVigna, and Ulrike Malmendier (“The Role of Theory in Field Experiments,” 2011); Manski (Public Policy in an Uncertain World: Analysis and Decisions, 2013); and Susan Athey and Guido Imbens (“The Econometrics of Randomized Experiments,” 2017). All this can be gleaned from the first few pages of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences’ Scientific Background to this year’s Nobel Prize.

Confronted with this Tolstoyan sprawl, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences committee earlier this month finessed the problem of allocating credit by singling out the sub-discipline of development economics as a field in which experiments is said to have shown particular promise. Recognized were Abhijit Banerjee, 58, and Esther Duflo, 46, both of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and Michael Kremer, 55, of Harvard University, for having  pioneered the use of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the merits of various anti-poverty interventions.

In Duflo, the committee got what it wanted: a female laureate in economics, only the second to be chosen, and a young one at that. (Elinor Ostrom, then 78, who was honored with Oliver Williamson in 2009, died two years after receiving the award.)  Duflo’s mother was a pediatrician who traveled frequently to Rwanda, Haiti and El Salvador to treat impoverished children or victims of war, according to Herstory. Duflo herself formed a life-long obsession with India at the age of six, when reading a comic book about Mother Teresa, the Albanian nun who operated a hospice in Calcutta (now Kolkata). As a student at the Ecole Normale Superieure, Duflo switched to economics from history while working for a year in Russia, observing the work of American economic advice-givers first hand. Duflo was Kremer’s and Banarjee’s student at MIT; the university hired her upon graduation, and tenured her after Princeton sought to lure her away.

Banerjee grew up in Kolkata, the son of a distinguished professor of economics. An interview with The Telegraph  gives a vivid picture of the rich intellectual life  of Bengal. He earned his PhD from Harvard in 1988 with a trio of essays in information economics, and taught at Princeton, then Harvard, before moving to MIT.  There he founded, in 2003, with Duflo, Kremer and others, the Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab, known colloquially as J-PAL, its researchers self-identifying as randomistas.  In 2010, he and Duflo published Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty (Public Affairs), a primer on RCTs. By then he had divorced his first wife. In 2015, he and Duflo married.

Of the three, Kremer was the pioneer. After graduating from Harvard College, in 1985,  he taught high school in Kenya for a year. Returning to Harvard to study economics with Robert Barro, in a period of great ferment, he made two durable contributions to what was then the “new” economics of growth: “Population Growth and Technological Change: 1.000,000 BC to 1990” and “The O-Ring Theory of Economic Development,” both in 1993.  With “Research on Schooling: What We Know an What We Don’t,” in August 1995, Kremer asked a series of questions; six months later, in “Integrating Behavioral Choice into Epidemiological Models of the AIDS Epidemic,” he developed a model of a different problem whose implications might be tested with a new approach: randomized control trials. Since then, he has kept up a drumbeat of influential papers – health treatments, patent buyouts, elephant conservation, vaccine-purchase commitments, the repeal of odious debt – including several with his wife, the British economist Rachel Glennerster.

“The research conducted by this year’s Laureates has considerably improved our ability to fight global poverty,” asserted the Nobel press release. “In just two decades, their new experiment-based approach has transformed development economics, which is now a flourishing field of research.” One reason it is  flourishing is the availability of a deep river of global funding:  The World Bank, the United Nations, and several major philanthropies regularly invest enormous sums in development research compared to other areas of inquiry. Those projects offering carefully designed experiments, promising reliable answers to perplexing questions, enjoy a significant advantage in the competition for research funds.

For a well-informed description of some of the work and its limitations, see Kevin Bryan’s post at A Fine Theorem, “What Randomization Can and Cannot Do.” For some sharp criticism, read “The Poverty of Poor Economics,” on Africa Is a Country’s site. (“Serious ethical and moral questions have been raised particularly about the types of experiments that the randomistas… have been allowed to perform.”) Remember, too, that problems of agricultural policy that are fundamental to poverty reduction are far beyond the reach of RCTs to deliver answers. How to escape the middle income trap? How to build a research system to reach the technological frontier?

And to be reminded that commerce routinely alleviates more poverty around the world than aid (though hardly all), read veteran Financial Times correspondent David Pilling’s recent dispatch on Africa’s increasingly dynamic interaction with the rest of the world, China in particular. “When most people think of China in Africa,” he writes, “they think of mining and construction. But things are moving on. It is no longer the highways where the main action is taking place. It is the superhighways,” he says, of e-commerce in particular.

In short, to speak of a “credibility revolution” seems to me mainly a marketing slogan; it overstates the contribution that the small steps that RCTs are delivering, compared to those of theory prior to investigation. “Methods revolution” is a more neutral term. But that said, the Nobel panel neatly solved its problems for another year. The prize for RCTs in development economics is the first step in what will surely be a series of prizes to be given for new methods-driven results. There will be many more.

David Warsh, an economic historian and a veteran columnist, is proprietor of Somerville-based economicprincipals.com, where this essay first appeared.

To final markup

Untitled (ink on wood panel), by Lois Guarino, in her show at the Augusta Savage Gallery at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, through Nov. 26.

She creates her pen drawings by making marks, which, the gallery says, “she follows obsessively until completion.’’

A WASP 'refugee'

Spalding Gray in about 1980

The Congregational church in the affluent town of Barrington, R.I.

“I was raised as an upper-class WASP in New England, and there was this old tradition there that everyone would simply be guided into the right way after Ivy League college and onward and upward. And it rejected me, I rejected it, and I ended up as a kind of refugee, really.’

— Spalding Gray (1941-2004), a writer and actor who grew up in Barrington, R.I., where many of his autobiographical stories are based. He died an apparent suicide after jumping into the East River in New York City.

He was particularly famous for his monologues, delivered in a dry , upper-crust New England voice and with a poker face.

'Lone wandering, but not lost'

“Wood Duck (1915), by Chester A. Reed, from The Bird Book

Whither, midst falling dew,

While glow the heavens with the last steps of day,

Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue

    Thy solitary way?

    Vainly the fowler's eye

Might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,

As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,

    Thy figure floats along.

    Seek'st thou the plashy brink

Of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,

Or where the rocking billows rise and sink

    On the chafed ocean side?

    There is a Power whose care

Teaches thy way along that pathless coast,—

The desert and illimitable air,—

    Lone wandering, but not lost.

    All day thy wings have fanned,

At that far height, the cold, thin atmosphere,

Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,

    Though the dark night is near.

    And soon that toil shall end;

Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,

And scream among thy fellows; reeds shall bend,

    Soon, o'er thy sheltered nest.

    Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heaven

Hath swallowed up thy form; yet, on my heart

Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,

    And shall not soon depart.

    He who, from zone to zone,

Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,

In the long way that I must tread alone,

    Will lead my steps aright.

— “To a Waterfowl” (1818), by William Cullen Bryant (1794-1878), a western Massachusetts native who moved to New York City and became a major American literary figure

As a last resort

Llewellyn King: My globetrotting in Kindle

— Image by Evan-Amos

Read any good books lately? As a matter of fact, I have. Quite a few.

We’re expected to plow through great stacks of books over the summer; perhaps a throwback to a time when people on vacation were quite bored. But for me, it was a good summer of reading.

A confession: I don’t read to improve my mind, to understand what skullduggery this president — any president — is up to, or what venality drives the great houses of commerce.

I read to spend a spot of time with other people. When I get a book that interests me, I move in. I take lodgings, as it were, with the people I’m reading about, whether it is great historical figures, say Conde Nast, or the denizens of works of fiction like those to be found in good detective stories — such as the Chief Inspector Banks novels by Peter Robinson, an English author who lives in Canada and sets his stories in the North of England. Or, I move to Venice in the mysteries of Donna Leon, an American who sets her Commissario Guido Brunetti series there.

Historical or fictional, I hang out with the subjects in books. I join families, police stations, cabinets, regiments, love affairs and just good friends.

This escapism for me is vastly enhanced by the fact that I’m a slow reader. But if it weren’t for my slow reading, I wouldn’t have long to live my man-who-dropped-in fantasy life. A sadness descends when I’m near the end of my sojourn with strangers and I realize that, in a half an hour or so, I’ll have to leave, endure separation, sorrow.

In recent years, technology has added to my ability to sojourn whenever I like: The technology is the Kindle, the Amazon device. As much as I deplore what electronic publishing has done to the craft of book making and to newspaper production, it has added a wonderful portability to my reading.

The electronic reader is a manageable size and slips easily into a pocket. I’m glad when someone is late because I can read for a few minutes. What used to be an inconvenience has become a gift. Waiting for the doctor or being put on hold, while a recorded voice advises “one of our representatives will be with you shortly,” becomes an opportunity to take a quick trip somewhere else.

So, what did I do on my summer vacation — the one I didn’t take because I was too busy and too broke? I had a fabulous time in the 18th century with an extraordinary group of men, and a few women, who shaped the thinking of that time and whose influence has stayed with us to this day. The book, strongly recommended, is The Club: Johnson, Boswell, and the Friends Who Shaped an Age, by Harvard professor of literature emeritus Leo Damrosch.

I also hugely enjoyed my stay in London with Vanessa and Her Sister: A Novel, by Priya Parmar. It’s all about the Bloomsbury Set circa 1907, about Virginia Woolf and many other writers and artists. They were very open about homosexuality, sex in general and arranged each other’s relationships with abandon.

My time in Wyoming was enlightening and enjoyable in J.L. Doucette’s crime mystery novel Last Seen. Doucette brings to life the hard times and interesting happenings in Sweetwater County, Wyo., featuring psychologist Dr. Pepper Hunt and Native American detective Antelope.

I dug into the complexities of sex and creativeness in Francine Prose’s The Lives of the Muses: Nine Women and the Artists They Inspired. Her book takes you from Man Ray and Elizabeth “Lee” Miller to Salvador Dali and Gala. As I met Dali several times, I found his relationship with his love Gala fascinating.

Right now, I’m hanging out in Australia with the characters of Liane Moriarty, one of the great fiction writers of our time. I’ve hung out with her characters in other books, but this time with those in Nine Perfect Strangers.

Armchair travel has joined the electronic age for me. Up, up and away!

On Twitter: @llewellynking2

Llewellyn King, based in Rhode Island and Washington, D.C., is executive producer and host of White House Chronicle, on PBS.

William Morgan: Treasures from the 50-cent photo bin

The best part of any New England antique shop, for my money, is the old photos. In some higher-end boutiques the postcards and pictures can be $5 apiece or more. But I struck pay dirt in Bowerbird & Friends, in Peterborough, N.H., which has scores of snapshots for 50¢ each. I bought five mysterious images.

The majority of those in the photo basket are 3 ½ -inch-square prints from the trusty Brownie box cameras of the 1950s.

There is a certain pathos in all these discarded records from a pre-digital age. While, far too few of these have any notation who and where the people are, this octet of friends is identified as "Picnic at Lillian Bliss Summer house in Otis" (Massachusetts, presumably), dated most accurately by the loafers and bobby sox.

Almost as typical is the earlier 20th-Century group photo posed before a church. The picture is 4 by 2 ½ inches.

The faded color of this mystery photo would seem to be earlier than the Nov. 73 date stamped on the back. At first, this appeared to be a man with a still, but on closer inspection the plastic jugs seem to hold apple cider. How New England, how autumnal.

Even odder is the 2 ½-by-4 ½ inch carte de visite of Dr. Chas. C. Peck, the coroner of McHenry County, Ill., from the summer of 1910. Or perhaps it is a political handout, as our lugubrious-looking Dr. Peck is a candidate for Supreme Medical Examiner, Mystic Workers of the World. Despite its dark title, the Workers were a Midwestern fraternal organization that sold insurance to its members. Their medical examiners presumably decided on whom should be underwritten and who was too much of a risk, or in Peck's case, if they were still among the living.

Strangest of the quintet of Peterborough oddities is this photograph of wedding guests from Aug. 3, 1963, in an era when most women still wore hats to such events, not to mention pearls. The picture was taken by Robert English, probably the state senator from nearby Hancock, N.H. (whose district included Peterborough and Dublin). The ceremony was perhaps taken at the tony Dublin Lake Club, where the senator's daughter was married three years later. Just an amateur shot, perhaps, but English has really captured a slice-of-life social commentary: the moneyed Republican couple, the grand dame, and frumpy and awkward daughter.

William Morgan, a Providence-based essayist and architectural historian, has taught the history of photography at Princeton University and is the author of Monadnock Summer: The Architectural Legacy of Dublin, New Hampshire.

Beauty amidst the traffic jams

Bucolic stretch of the Charles River

Even along such usually depressing stretches as Route 128, fall foliage can be exhilarating, as I appreciated the other day while in a long slowdown on that infamous but economically essential road. There’s one bucolic stretch, near the Charles River, that must look pretty much as it did before Europeans arrived, if you narrow your gaze.

I love the show when the first hard freeze of the season causes so many leaves to fall off the trees in a few hours. But then we have to put up with weeks of shrieking leaf blowers.

— Photo by Anthony Appleyard

'A Life of Exploration'

“White, Black, and Blue Jug’’ (gouache on paper), by Avital Sagalyn, in the show “Avital Sagalyn: A Life of Exploration,’’ through Dec. 8 at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst Museum of Contemporary Art.

Researched and curated by three UMass Art History students, this exhibition, says the museum, “provides a glimpse into the range of Sagalyn's work and rich cultural history, and includes cubist and abstract paintings and drawings, sculptures, and textile designs’’

Chris Powell: Democrats' hysteria distracts from the central Trump crisis

Affixed to the tailgate of a Nissan Rogue SUV driving around Manchester, Conn., is a bumper sticker reading, "Health care, not warfare." Amen to that. But the bumper sticker was issued by the Progressive Democrats of America even as most "progressive" -- that is, liberal -- Democrats in Congress seem perfectly happy with U.S. involvement in civil wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Syria. Indeed, the more President Trump grouses about "ridiculous endless wars," the more "progressive" Democrats in Congress support them. This is Trump Derangement Syndrome.

Connecticut's junior U.S. senator, Chris Murphy, may be suffering the country's worst case of TDS. Murphy bemoans the president's withdrawal of a thousand soldiers from Syria as if a mere thousand soldiers ever could have accomplished much in the civil war there and as if the United States has a vital interest in the war.

Of course if the United States did have a vital interest in the war, it would have to dispatch at least a half million soldiers and hundreds of warplanes to have a chance of defeating all the contestants: the Syrian regime, the Syrian insurgents, the Kurdish insurgents, and Turkey, Iran and Russia, among others. Then those U.S. soldiers would have to occupy Syria indefinitely during "nation building," as if many years of U.S. "nation building" accomplished much in Afghanistan, Iraq, and Vietnam.

Maybe advocating such a full deployment to Syria and nation building there will be the next stage of Senator Murphy's disease. Or maybe he could be cured of it if news organizations and his constituents pressed him to explain what he considers the vital interest in Syria apart from the Democratic Party's interest in generating political hysteria by opposing whatever our erratic president says or does.

Trump is impeachable and even seems to be trying to provoke impeachment, but none of the reasons being contrived by the Democratic majority in the House of Representatives resembles "high crimes and misdemeanors," least of all the president's using U.S. military aid as leverage to induce Ukraine to investigate former Vice President Joe Biden's influence-peddling son, Hunter.

The Democrats shriek that Trump, a Republican, used the government to advance his re-election campaign and hinder the campaign of a Democratic challenger. Yet in 2016 Trump's predecessor, Democrat Barack Obama, used the government to undermine Trump's campaign and assist the campaign of his Democratic challenger, Hillary Clinton, by minimizing her misconduct as secretary of state.

Most politics everywhere is a matter of using government to improve the prospects of the incumbents. Sometimes it descends to criminality, as when President Richard Nixon concealed his 1972 re-election campaign's burglary of the Democratic National Committee in what became the Watergate scandal. But most of this stuff is not illegal at all, as when, during the 1940 presidential campaign, President Franklin Roosevelt used the government to spread rumors about the extramarital affair of his Republican challenger, Wendell Willkie. There is a recording of one of Roosevelt's own phone calls.

As a matter of law "high crimes and misdemeanors" are in the eye of the beholder. But the compelling case for Trump's removal from office has nothing to do with them and everything to do with his character -- his frightening intemperance, instability, dishonesty, recklessness, and ignorance, his unfitness to have authority over anyone.

The hysteria and contrivances of the Democrats just distract from that.

Chris Powell is a columnist for the Journal Inquirer in Manchester, Conn.

'For I have had too much'

"Brita as Iduna" (1901), by Carl Larsson

My long two-pointed ladder's sticking through a tree

Toward heaven still,

And there's a barrel that I didn't fill

Beside it, and there may be two or three

Apples I didn't pick upon some bough.

But I am done with apple-picking now.

Essence of winter sleep is on the night,

The scent of apples: I am drowsing off.

I cannot rub the strangeness from my sight

I got from looking through a pane of glass

I skimmed this morning from the drinking trough

And held against the world of hoary grass.

It melted, and I let it fall and break.

But I was well

Upon my way to sleep before it fell,

And I could tell

What form my dreaming was about to take.

Magnified apples appear and disappear,

Stem end and blossom end,

And every fleck of russet showing clear.

My instep arch not only keeps the ache,

It keeps the pressure of a ladder-round.

I feel the ladder sway as the boughs bend.

And I keep hearing from the cellar bin

The rumbling sound

Of load on load of apples coming in.

For I have had too much

Of apple-picking: I am overtired

Of the great harvest I myself desired.

There were ten thousand thousand fruit to touch,

Cherish in hand, lift down, and not let fall.

For all

That struck the earth,

No matter if not bruised or spiked with stubble,

Went surely to the cider-apple heap

As of no worth.

One can see what will trouble

This sleep of mine, whatever sleep it is.

Were he not gone,

The woodchuck could say whether it's like his

Long sleep, as I describe its coming on,

Or just some human sleep.

— “After Apple-Picking,’’ by Robert Frost

• Related

Grace Kelly: Prepare for the arrival of a colorful and messy Asian invader

Spotted lanternfly

— Photo by Lawrence Barringer/Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture

From ecoRI News (ecori.org)

A tiny, winged invader is making its way up the Mid-Atlantic Coast. Rhode Island is holding out, but only just so. The Spotted Lanternfly has already reached other states — Massachusetts, Connecticut, and New York — and experts are worried that it could make its way here.

“There was one interception in Massachusetts and one in Connecticut,” said Cynthia Kwolek, senior environmental planner at the Rhode Island Department of Management’s Division of Agriculture. “An interception is when they find an insect but they don’t find any additional insects or infestations. But it’s usually an indicator that there are shipments going to this area from the infested area, and they usually find more infestations within a few years after an interception.”

Hailing from Asia, the Spotted Lanternfly made its first documented U.S. appearance in 2014, when a female snuck onto some imported building materials that were brought to Berks County, Pa.

“They are very good travelers, and their egg masses are relatively inconspicuous, so they lay their eggs on pretty much anything,” Kwolek said. “So if somebody is moving to another area from the infested area, they might not notice that they have egg masses laid in some of their tire wells, or in the undercarriage of the car.”

With the Spotted Lanternfly comes swarming, sap sucking and general unpleasantry.

“They swarm and aggregate on trees,” Kwolek said. “So there could be a tree with 500 adult insects. They also excrete honeydew, which is a byproduct of their feeding from the sap in the trees. It’s sticky and can attract ants and wasps.”

Kwolek also noted that this can be a nuisance for homeowners. During one of her visits to Pennsylvania, she saw backyard decks coated with the sticky substance.

Another issue the Asian insects bring is their choice of food. While their main target is another invasive species, the Tree of Heaven, the Spotted Lanternfly doesn’t stop feeding there. They seem to also like grapevines.

“In the past five years in Pennsylvania, they’ve seen a reduction in grape yield,” Kwolek said. “And here in Rhode Island, we have a couple of hot spot vineyards that are great tourist attractions and if this insect was to come here and target those vineyards, it could be harmful to the growers’ income and our tourist economy.”

While there has yet to be a sighting of a Spotted Lanternfly in Rhode Island, the Division of Agriculture is hosting information sessions — the next one is expected to be held in January — to inform the public on what these tiny invaders look like and what to do if one is spotted. In the meantime, Kwolek asks that the public keep an eye out.

“If you see one, take a photo, and if possible, try to catch and freeze the insect, and then we would be able to identify it,” she said.

Grace Kelly is a journalist with ecoRI News.

Ocean Spray invents four cranberry-herbal blends

Harvesting cranberries

From The New England Council (newenglandcouncil.com):

“Ocean Spray has launched its first ever new brand — ‘Atoka,’ a line of healthy, plant-based drinks. Founded in 1930, Ocean Spray is an agricultural cooperative owned by more than 700 cranberry farmers in the United States, Canada and Chile. {The heart of New England’s cranberry production is southeastern Massachusetts.}

The new brand’s products were developed by the Lighthouse, the cooperative’s innovation incubator in Boston’s Seaport District. Ocean Spray founded the Lighthouse to incite creative collaboration that would help keep their cranberry products modern, unique, and wellness focused. The cooperative’s farmer-owned structure inspired the Lighthouse team to create sustainable, nourishing food products. Atoka will introduce four cranberry-herbal blends in January of 2020 as Tea Tonics, Oatmilks Elixirs and Herbal Shots.

“Atoka is the first new brand to be incubated here in Boston at the Lighthouse, indicative of our emphasis on an intensely innovative, agile approach to product development and cultivating a culture of innovation throughout the organization,” said Rizal Hamdallah, global chief innovation officer at Ocean Spray. ‘Atoka brings Ocean Spray into an entirely new category of wellness drinks.”’

The Council congratulates Ocean Spray on their new brand, Atoka, and celebrates its mission of providing nourishing, wellness-focused products

‘Your time’

From Robert Whitcomb’s “Digital Diary,’’ in GoLocal24.com

A sign of the greatness of America: A friend, the Rev. Paul Zahl, showed me the gravestone of famed screenwriter and director (All About Eve, etc.) and producer Joseph L. Mankiewicz in, of all places, among the Wasps buried in the graveyard of St. Matthew’s Episcopal Church in Bedford, N.Y. (The building of the church, in 1807-09, was aided by Founding Father and first U.S. Chief Justice John Jay.) Mr. Mankiewicz’s last wife was Episcopalian; he came from a German Jewish background. On his gravestone are these words:

“TIME is finite! It’s your TIME now – no longer just God’s TIME – your TIME. Make it good to live in!’’

-- JLM’’

Mellow there, too

“Autumn Moon on the Tama River’’ (woodblock), by Ando Hiroshige, ln the show “Ando Hiroshige Woodblock Prints,’’ through Nov. 17, at the Southern Vermont Arts Center.

Andō Hiroshige, born Andō Tokutarō in 1797, has been revered as one of the great Japanese masters of the color woodblock print, so much so that an estimated 10,000 copies were made from some of his woodblocks.

Pressure tactics

“Waiting’’ (monotype), by Deedee Agee, in the show “Pressing Matters: The Unique Print,’’ at South Shore Art Center, Cohasset, Mass., through Nov. 3.

This exhibit features an array of monotype prints made by members of the Coastal Print Makers.

Brian Wakamo: NBA's China fiasco shows what's most important to business

From OtherWords.org

The NBA has gotten itself into a bit of a situation.

On Oct. 4, acclaimed Houston Rockets general manager Daryl Morey tweeted in support of the continuing protests in Hong Kong. His simple, two-sentence tweet (which has since been deleted) has prompted an unlikely controversy

The owner of the Rockets, Tilman Fertitta, quickly denounced his general manager’s tweet, saying it does not speak for the organization and emphasizing that the Rockets are, resoundingly, not a political organization.

Why did Fertitta condemn his own manager? The replies to his tweet offer a clue.

Nearly all come from Chinese nationals warning that if Morey isn’t fired, the Rockets will lose the entire Chinese market. Fertitta himself may agree, as evidenced by his liking Instagram comments calling for Morey’s ouster. Reports suggest the Rockets have internally discussed this option.

Firing one of the most successful general managers in the NBA over the past decade may seem absurd. But the Rockets are the most popular NBA team in China — and, as many businesses have found, that market share can put a lot of pressure on political speech well outside of the country.

By now the Rockets have lost business deal after business deal in China, drawn a condemnation from the Chinese consulate in Houston, and jeopardized their status in the country.

The NBA hasn’t exactly been supportive of Morey either. In a bland statement, Commissioner Adam Silver offered only very tepid backing.

Meanwhile ,Brooklyn Nets owner Joe Tsai — a co-founder of Chinese retail giant Alibaba — put out a long statement describing Hong Kong’s protests as a “separatist movement.”

In an especially disappointing statement, superstar LeBron James seemed to suggest Morey — who has been doing business in China for over a decade — was “misinformed” about the situation in Hong Kong.

American politicians from across the spectrum, on the other hand, have been much more supportive.

Republican Sen. Ted Cruz tweeted in support of Morey, while fellow Republicans Rick Scott and Josh Hawley demanded answers from the NBA. Democratic presidential candidates Beto O’Rourke, Julián Castro, and Elizabeth Warren all condemned the response from the league as well.

Yet this groundswell of support from American politicians will likely only inflame the critical response from China.

China has long been attempting to regulate foreign free speech via economic pressure.

Many movie studios, like Disney’s Marvel outfit, have altered scripts to prevent films from being boycotted in the Chinese market. Google has repeatedly censored its searches to appease the Chinese government, while Twitter has suspended accounts which are critical of China.

This pattern extends even further. China’s government often pays Chinese student associations on college campuses to boost Chinese state visits — and to criticize any sentiment seen as anti-China. In many cases, the Chinese government has harassed even non-Chinese academics who criticize the state.

Among major sports leagues, the NBA often brands itself as the most woke. LeBron James has consistently stood up for the Black Lives Matter movement, and once called President Trump a “bum.”

But the league has long been happy to take Chinese money and sponsorships, especially since Yao Ming was drafted by the same Houston Rockets years ago. And progressive politics hardly dominate there besides — Tilman Fertitta has even proclaimed his support for Trump’s policies.

Still, the obvious prioritization of commercial ties with a government that’s attacking demonstrators in Hong Kong and putting millions of ethnic Uyghurs in concentration camps is a damning statement about what the league — and the economic system it operates in — truly values.

Brian Wakamo is a researcher on the Global Economy Project at the Institute for Policy Studies.

The good old days

'The sky pungent'

Aspens

“I’m fire in the leaves, obstreperous as a New England farmer. I see fear in the eyes of his children. They walk home from school, as evening falls like an advancing trickle of bats, the sky pungent as bounty in chimney smoke. I read the scowl below the smiles of parents at my son’s soccer game, their agitation, the figure of wind yellow leaves make of quaking aspen.’’

— From “Thinking of Frost,’’ by Major Jackson, a poet and a professor of English at the University of Vermont